My daughter is currently on her 2nd year playing on the HS team and I think the school gives us $1,500 per year but that is for range time at the local course, tournament fees which usually run $250-300 each tournament and any that is left over (there is none) can be spent on whatever else. Our booster club has to do fund raisers to pay for remaining tournaments and cover charges for any overnight stays, meals, awards at the season ending banquet, etc.
Now granted I don't know the budget allowed for each team but my guess is football, basketball, baseball, etc gets more than that per year. I also know that those sports have spectators who are paying to watch which helps offset the extra money where golf typically only has parents watching. I do feel that for a lot of kids the money that is required to be paid out of pocket by parents may keep some from ever having an opportunity to play. There are probably a lot of kids whose parents can't afford country club memberships, golf clubs, balls or lessons to play and the school doesn't provide those things.