There was an article a few months ago in SI about home field/court advantage. I can't find the article online, but it is summarized in this
blog....
<span style="font-style: italic;" class="rss:item">"An article by Tobias Moskowitz and L. Jon
Wertheim in the new Sports Illustrated (I cannot find it on-line for
some reason) examines the cause of home-field advantage in sports. If
the study is empirically sound (and I want to down with some
empiricists to help me figure out if it is), the results are
groundbreaking. Moskowitz and Wertheim argue that home-field advantage
is mostly explained by official bias, influenced by a combination of
the closeness of the game and the game situation; the home crowd
(size, loudness, proximity, and intensity); and limited attention to,
or accountabiltiy for, particular decisions. Read the whole thing if
you can get it (or it eventually comes on-line).
Briefly, officials conform their calls to social pressure created by
the home crowd. Officials use crowd noise to help them resolve
uncertainty in making a call, resulting in more calls going the way the
home crowd wants them to go...." </span>